BG 2.10 — Sankhya Yoga
BG 2.10📚 Go to Chapter 2
तमुवाचहृषीकेशःप्रहसन्निवभारत|सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्येविषीदन्तमिदंवचः||२-१०||
tamuvāca hṛṣīkeśaḥ prahasanniva bhārata . senayorubhayormadhye viṣīdantamidaṃ vacaḥ ||2-10||
तमुवाच: to him | हृषीकेशः: Hrishikesha (Krishna) | प्रहसन्निव: smiling as it were | भारत: O Bharata | सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये: in the middle of both armies | विषीदन्तमिदं: despondent | वचः: word
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Sri Ramanujacharya Commentary
।।2.10।।संजय उवाच एवं अस्थाने समुपस्थितस्नेहकारुण्याभ्याम् अप्रकृतिं गतं क्षत्रियाणां युद्धं परमं धर्मम् अपि अधर्मं मन्वानं धर्मबुभुत्सया च शरणागतं पार्थम् उद्दिश्य आत्मयाथात्म्यज्ञानेन युद्धस्य फलाभिसन्धिरहितस्य स्वधर्मस्य आत्मयाथार्थ्यप्राप्त्युपायताज्ञानेन च विना अस्य मोहो न शाम्यति इति मत्वा भगवता परमपुरुषेण अध्यात्मशास्त्रावतरणं कृतम्। तदुक्तम्अस्थाने स्नेहकारुण्यधर्माधर्मधियाकुलम्। पार्थं प्रपन्नमुद्दिश्य शास्त्रावतरणं कृतम्।। (गीतार्थसंग्रह 5) इति।।तम् एवं देहात्मनोः याथात्म्यज्ञाननिमित्तशोकाविष्टं देहातिरिक्तात्मज्ञाननिमित्तिं च धर्मं भाषमाणं परस्परं विरुद्धगुणान्वितम् उभयोः सेनयोः युद्धाय उद्युक्तयोः मध्ये अकस्मात् निरुद्योगं पार्थम् आलोक्य परमपुरुषः प्रहसन् इव इदम् उवाच। परिहासवाक्यं वदन् इव आत्मपरमात्मयाथात्म्यतत्प्राप्त्युपायभूतकर्मयोगज्ञानयोगभक्तियोगगोचरम्न त्वेवाहं जातु नासम् (गीता 2।12) इत्यारभ्यअहं त्वा सर्वपापेभ्यो मोक्षयिष्यामि मा शुचः। (गीता 18।66) इत्येतदन्तम् उवाच इत्यर्थः।
2.9 - 2.10 Sanjaya said Thus, the Lord, the Supreme Person, introduced the Sastra regarding the self for the sake of Arjuna - whose natural courage was lost due to love and compassion in a misplaced situation, who thought war to be unrighteous even though it was the highest duty for warriors (Ksatriyas), and who took refuge in Sri Krsna to know what his right duty was -, thinking that Arjuna's delusion would not come to an end except by the knowledge of the real nature of the self, and that war was an ordained duty here which, when freed from attachment to fruits, is a means for self-knowledge. Thus, has it been said by Sri Yamunacarya: 'The introduction to the Sastra was begun for the sake of Arjuna, whose mind was agitated by misplaced love and compassion and by the delusion that righteousness was unrighteousness, and who took refuge in Sri Krsna.' The Supreme Person spoke these words as if smiling, and looking at Arjuna, who was thus overcome by grief resulting from ignorance about the real nature of the body and the self, but was nevertheless speaking about duty as if he had an understanding that the self is distinct from the body, and while he (Arjuna), torn between contradictory ideas, had suddenly become inactive standing between the two armies that were getting ready to fight. Sri Krsna said, as if in ridicule, to Arjuna the words beginning with, 'There never was a time when I did not exist' (II. 12), and ending with 'I will release you from all sins; grieve not!' (XVIII. 66) - which have for their contents the real nature of the self, of the Supreme Self, and of the paths of work (Karma), knowledge (Jnana) and devotion (Bhakti) which constitute the means for attaining the highest spiritual fulfilment.
Sri Abhinav Gupta Commentary
।।2.7 2.10।।कार्पण्येत्यादि। सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये इत्यादिनेदं सूचयति संशयाविष्टोऽर्जुनो नैकपक्षेण ( नोऽनेक ) युद्धान्निवृत्तः यत एवमाह स्म शाधि मा त्वां (S omits त्वाम्) प्रपन्नम् इति। अतः उभयोरपि ज्ञानाज्ञानयोर्मध्यगः श्रीभगवतानुशिष्यते।